{
  "id": "COMP-KG-001",
  "slug": "knowledge-graph",
  "status": "Normative Comparison",
  "subject": "OCOM",
  "target": "Knowledge Graph",
  "targetShort": "KG",
  "summary": "OCOM and Knowledge Graphs address different problems. A Knowledge Graph models entities and the relationships between them as data. OCOM models operational objects together with their identity, governance, lifecycle, ownership and evidence. A Knowledge Graph is a way to represent knowledge; OCOM is an operating model for governing reality. The two are complementary: an OCOM model can be projected as a Knowledge Graph, but a Knowledge Graph does not, by itself, supply governance or lifecycle.",
  "scope": {
    "compared": [
      "How each represents entities, relationships and identity",
      "How each treats provenance and evidence",
      "What each is fundamentally for"
    ],
    "notCompared": [
      "Specific serializations (RDF, property graphs) or query languages (SPARQL, Cypher)",
      "Storage engines or performance characteristics",
      "Vendor implementations"
    ]
  },
  "mappings": [
    {
      "ocom": "Object",
      "target": "Entity",
      "equivalent": "Partial"
    },
    {
      "ocom": "Relationship",
      "target": "Edge",
      "equivalent": "Similar"
    },
    {
      "ocom": "Identity",
      "target": "Node identifier",
      "equivalent": "Partial"
    },
    {
      "ocom": "Metadata",
      "target": "Properties",
      "equivalent": "Similar"
    },
    {
      "ocom": "Reference",
      "target": "Edge / IRI",
      "equivalent": "Partial"
    },
    {
      "ocom": "Ownership",
      "target": "—",
      "equivalent": "None"
    },
    {
      "ocom": "Lifecycle",
      "target": "—",
      "equivalent": "None"
    },
    {
      "ocom": "Evidence",
      "target": "Provenance",
      "equivalent": "Partial"
    }
  ],
  "differences": [
    {
      "aspect": "Purpose",
      "ocom": "Governs operational objects and their reality",
      "target": "Represents knowledge as entities and relationships"
    },
    {
      "aspect": "Nature",
      "ocom": "An operating model with rules and conformance",
      "target": "A data structure for facts"
    },
    {
      "aspect": "Governance",
      "ocom": "First-class: ownership, policy, constraint, contract",
      "target": "Not defined by the model"
    },
    {
      "aspect": "Lifecycle",
      "ocom": "First-class: objects have states over time",
      "target": "Not defined by the model"
    }
  ],
  "capabilities": [
    {
      "capability": "Identity",
      "ocom": "✓",
      "target": "✓"
    },
    {
      "capability": "Relationships",
      "ocom": "✓",
      "target": "✓"
    },
    {
      "capability": "Metadata",
      "ocom": "✓",
      "target": "✓"
    },
    {
      "capability": "Lifecycle",
      "ocom": "✓",
      "target": "—"
    },
    {
      "capability": "Governance",
      "ocom": "✓",
      "target": "—"
    },
    {
      "capability": "Ownership",
      "ocom": "✓",
      "target": "—"
    },
    {
      "capability": "Provenance / Evidence",
      "ocom": "✓",
      "target": "Partial"
    },
    {
      "capability": "AI retrieval",
      "ocom": "✓",
      "target": "✓"
    }
  ],
  "interoperability": [
    "An OCOM model MAY be represented as a Knowledge Graph; OCOM already publishes its own graph as JSON-LD.",
    "A Knowledge Graph MAY store OCOM objects and relationships, but does not itself provide governance, lifecycle or ownership.",
    "The recommended composition is to use a Knowledge Graph as one projection of an OCOM model, not as a replacement for it."
  ],
  "references": [
    {
      "label": "OCOM Object",
      "url": "/vocabulary/object"
    },
    {
      "label": "OCOM Relationship",
      "url": "/vocabulary/relationship"
    },
    {
      "label": "OCOM Reference",
      "url": "/vocabulary/reference"
    },
    {
      "label": "RDF and property-graph knowledge-graph models",
      "url": null
    }
  ],
  "canonical": "https://ocom.uno/comparisons/knowledge-graph",
  "url": "https://ocom.uno/comparisons/knowledge-graph"
}