Comparison

OCOM vs Process Model

Executive summary

A process model describes how work flows: the sequence of activities, decisions and events that move a business forward. OCOM describes the governed objects that work acts upon, together with their identity, ownership, lifecycle, policy and evidence. A process model specifies how work is drawn and sequenced; OCOM specifies the governed objects that work acts upon, and defines the flow itself only as a Workflow at the Models tier, with no notation and no execution semantics. A process step typically reads or changes objects that OCOM can define and govern, so the two are complementary, not competing. BPMN is one process-modelling notation; see the OCOM vs BPMN comparison.

Scope

Compared

  • Activity and flow versus objects and state
  • Behaviour versus governance
  • What each is fundamentally for

Not compared

  • Specific notations (BPMN, flowcharts, UML activity)
  • Execution and orchestration engines
  • Workflow tooling and vendors

Terminology mapping

OCOMProcess ModelEquivalent
ObjectData object / ArtifactPartial
LifecycleObject state through the flowPartial
RelationshipData associationPartial
OwnershipLane / RolePartial
PolicyGateway condition / Business rulePartial
ConstraintGateway / GuardPartial
EvidenceAudit trail / Process logPartial
IdentityProcess instance identifierPartial

Conceptual differences

AspectOCOMProcess Model
PurposeGoverns the objects work acts uponDescribes how work flows
NatureAn object-centric operating modelAn activity-centric flow model
FocusThe governed nounsThe verbs and their sequence
GovernanceFirst-class: ownership, policy, contractExpressed indirectly through lanes, rules and gateways
TimeObject states over the whole lifeProgress of a process instance

Concept coverage

ConceptOCOMProcess Model
Object identityCoveredPartial
Object lifecycleCoveredPartial
Activity flow / sequencingCoveredCovered
Rules / policyCoveredPartial
OwnershipCoveredPartial
GovernancePartialPartial
Provenance / EvidencePartialPartial
AI retrievalPartialPartial

Three OCOM cells read Partial rather than Covered (Governance, Provenance / Evidence, AI retrieval), and the reason for each is recorded in the specification's own register: Governance is a Core Characteristic of every Object that no document defines as one (AO-023); Evidence has no Meta, Models or Language definition, its Definition being reserved for a future version (AO-021); AI retrieval is disclaimed by AI/Context/Context Assembly.md, which prescribes no retrieval algorithms (AO-048). Workflow and Event are defined normatively at the Models tier and carry no Core Vocabulary term record.

Covered: the model defines the concept explicitly. Partial: the concept appears indirectly or by convention. Out of scope: the model does not set out to describe it; a boundary, not a deficiency.

Interoperability

References